1998;282:1138C1141

1998;282:1138C1141. in intact cells than in excised membrane patches. Primary cultures of lobster ORNs were prepared as described previously (Fadool et al., 1991). Briefly, clusters of ORNs were dissected from the lateral antennular filament (olfactory organ) of adult specimens of the Caribbean spiny lobsterand transferred to 10 ml of 0.2 m filter-sterilized saline (SP) (see below). The clusters were then transferred to 10 ml of SP made up of papain (2.5 mg), l-cysteine (12 mg), penicillin (1%), streptomycin sulfate (1%), and amphotericin (1%) for 50 min at 21C, and agitated on WAY-600 a orbital shaker (80 WAY-600 rpm). Enzymatic digestion was stopped by replacing the enzyme-containing answer with low-glucose L-15 culture medium supplemented with l-glutamine, dextrose, fetal calf serum, and basic minimal essential vitamins. The clusters were then triturated mechanically, plated on poly-d-lysine-coated glass coverslips, cultured in humidity-saturated chambers at 24C, and used within 1C7 d after plating. Every third day, cells were given fresh medium. Patches were pulled from the soma of the cultured ORNs and recorded from using the inside-out configuration of the patch-clamp WAY-600 technique as described previously (Zhainazarov and Ache, 1995). Briefly, a coverslip made up of the cells was transferred to an SP-filled 25 mm culture dish mounted around the stage of an inverted microscope (Axiovert 100; Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) and viewed with phase-contrast optics at 320. Patch pipettes were fabricated from borosilicate glass tubes (BF150-86-10; Sutter Devices, Novato, CA) and fire polished to a final tip diameter of 1 m. The pipettes, when filled with SP, had resistances of 5C10 M and easily formed seals around the soma membrane with resistances of 10C15 G. Single-channel currents were recorded with an Axopatch 200A patch-clamp amplifier, low-pass filtered at 1 kHz (?3 dB; four-pole Bessel filter), digitized at 10 kHz (analog-to-digital, digital-to-analog interface, TL-1; software, pClamp 6.0; Axon Devices, Foster City, CA), and stored on a computer hard disk for later analysis. A rotatory perfusion system (RSC-100; Biologic, Claix, France) was used to WAY-600 perfuse isolated membrane patches with up to nine different solutions. After WAY-600 forming the patch in = is the number of channels in the patch, andis the single-channel current amplitude. Current amplitude histograms were used to measure single-channel current amplitudes. When the number of channels in a patch was difficult Rabbit Polyclonal to MARCH2 to determine reliably, was used as a measure of the channel activity. Unless mentioned in any other case, the baseline of single-channel current traces are depicted by in shape legends, and the info shown as mean SD of observations. SP included (in mm): 458 NaCl, 13.4 KCl, 13.4 Na2Thus4, 13.6 CaCl2, 9.8 MgCl2, 2 glucose, and 10 HEPES, pH 7.4 modified with 1 m NaOH. Sodium-free remedy contains (in mm): 210 KCl, 11 EGTA, 1 CaCl2, 696 blood sugar, and 10 HEPES, pH 7.4 modified with 1 m Tris. The determined free calcium focus in the sodium-free remedy was 10 nm(software program, chelator; Schoenmakers et al., 1992). In a few experiments, area of the KCl in the sodium-free remedy was substituted by an equal focus of NaCl as referred to below and in shape legends. PI, PI(4)P, and PI(4,5)P2 share solutions (1 mm) had been made by dispersing the phosphoinositides in distilled drinking water with 30 min sonication on snow, aliquoted, and kept at ?20C for used in 3 d. Share solutions had been diluted to operating solutions from the mentioned focus and sonicated for yet another 30 min on snow before make use of. Monoclonal antibodies against PI(4)P and PI(4,5)P2 had been acquired commercially (Perceptive Biosystems, Framingham, MA) and diluted 250-fold in to the working remedy as referred to below and.