A protective effect was noted, raising the possibility that in LNP individuals, a lactose prebiotic effect reduces risk. If lactose exerts such a differential bacterial effect on LNP and LP individuals, there may be bacterial floral differences between the two populations. lactose intake and breath hydrogen tests in either group. There were no differences in bacterial counts between the two groups, nor was there a relationship between bacterial counts and lactose intake in either group. == CONCLUSION: == The differential bacterial effects of lactose were not quantitatively detected in stool samples taken in the present study. Keywords:Bacteria, Colonic, Lactose == Abstract == == HISTORIQUE : == La gntique de la lactase intestinale divise la population mondiale en deux phnotypes : la capacit (un trait dominant) ou lincapacit (un trait rcessif) de digrer le lactose. Un effet prbiotique du lactose pourrait avoir des consquences diffrentes sur la flore du clon de ces phnotypes. == OBJECTIF : == Dceler et valuer les Poloxime effets du lactose sur des sujets diviss selon leur capacit de digrer le lactose. == MTHODOLOGIE : == Au total, 57 personnes en sant incapables (n=30) et capables (n=27) de digrer le lactose ont rempli des questionnaires sur leur rgime, effectu le test de lhydrogne expir et le test gntique et subi une analyse quantitative de leurs selles pour dterminer les espces de bactries en cause. Les auteurs ont compar la transformation log10des numrations bactriennes dans les deux groupes lors de la consommation de lactose au moyen de lanalyse rgression multiple. == RSULTATS : == Les auteurs ont constat un lien significatif entre le test de lhydrogne expir et le test gntique. La consommation quotidienne de lactose tait lgrement plus faible chez les personnes incapables de digrer le lactose (mdiane [plage interquartile] de 12,2 g [31 g] par rapport 15 g [29,6 g], respectivement). Ils nont constat aucun lien entre la consommation de lactose et les tests de lhydrogne expir dans les deux groupes. Ils nont remarqu ni diffrence de numrations bactriennes dans les groupes ni de lien entre les numrations bactriennes et la consommation de lactose dans lun ou lautre Poloxime groupe. == CONCLUSION : == Les auteurs nont pas dcel deffets bactriens diffrentiels quantitatifs du lactose dans les coprocultures prleves dans le cadre de la prsente tude. Increasing levels of research in the past two decades have focused on the relationships between intestinal commensal (nonpathogenic) microflora and host interactions. These concepts are important for both pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention. Contextually, the concepts of prebiotics (mainly undigested carbohydrates that promote host beneficial bacteria in the lower intestine [1]) and probiotics (live microorganisms, derived mainly from human lower intestine, that deliver health benefits to the host [2]) are relevant. In gastroenterology, these putative relationships specifically apply to colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (3). The possibility that lactose, a natural disaccharide present in most dairy foods (DF), may confer prebiotic effects, has not been extensively investigated. The genetics of intestinal lactase divide the worlds population into two phenotypes: the ability (a dominant trait) or inability (a recessive trait) to digest lactose (4,5). In general, northern European populations and their descendants are lactose digesters (lactase persistent [LP]), more equatorial populations and their descendants are lactose maldigesters (lactase nonpersistent [LNP]). There are exceptions in Africa and the Middle East, with MAP2K2 spotty distribution of LP populations amid predominantly LNP populations (6,7). Most Asians are LNP, with some LP Asians originating from Northern China and India (8). The differential ability to digest lactose impacts DF consumption, generally with LNP consuming less DFs than LP populations (9). The reason for this relates, in part, to the development of symptoms in many LNP subjects when lactose is consumed above a threshold of 6 g to 10 g in a single dose (10,11). This occurs because lactose exerts Poloxime an osmotic effect in the colon that increases water volume and colonic motility, thereby causing bloating, gas, cramps and diarrhea. The consumption of DFs is also influenced by cultural habits. For example, in peri-Mediterranean cultures DFs are consumed more regularly than in most Asian cultures, even though LNP subjects represent the majority of the total human population in the two regions. Cultural changes of regular DF usage is definitely facilitated by colonic adaptation (1217), which putatively evolves through enhanced bacterial rate of metabolism and/or development of Poloxime desired varieties such asBifidobacteriaandLactobacilli(1820). As such, lactose may exert prebiotic effects at lower doses and may be more pronounced in LNP populations because much larger doses are required in LP individuals.
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